Cupping therapy

Cupping therapy is a pseudoscientific treatment method in which a local suction is created on the skin by using heated cups. As an alternative medicine practice, it is primarily used in Asia, but it is also used in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Latin America.^[1][2] There is no conclusive evidence supporting the claimed health benefits of cupping,^[3][4] and critics have characterized the practice as quackery.^[5][6]

Cupping practitioners attempt to use cupping therapy for a wide array of medical conditions including fevers, chronic low back pain, poor appetite, indigestion, high blood pressure, acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, anemia, stroke rehabilitation, nasal congestion, infertility, and menstrual period cramping.^[1][2]

Despite the numerous ailments for which practitioners claim cupping therapy is useful, there is insufficient evidence demonstrating any health benefits. Cupping is generally not harmful for most people.^[4][7][8] However, there are some risks of harm, especially from wet cupping and fire cupping.^[1] Bruising and skin discoloration are among the adverse effects of cupping and are sometimes mistaken for child abuse.^[2] In rare instances, the presence of these marks on children has led to legal action against parents who had their children receive cupping therapy.^[2]