Demographics of Turkey
| Demographics of Turkey | |
|---|---|
Population pyramid of Turkey in 2024 | |
| Population | 85,824,854 (1 July 2025)[1] |
| Density | 111/km2 (290/sq mi) (2024)[1] |
| Growth rate | 0.34% (2024)[1] |
| Birth rate | 11.0 births/1,000 population (2024) |
| Death rate | 5.7 deaths/1,000 population (2024)[2] |
| Life expectancy | 77.3 years (2023)[3] |
| • male | 74.7 years |
| • female | 80 years |
| Fertility rate | 1.48 children born/woman (2024)[4] |
| Infant mortality rate | 9.0 deaths/1,000 live births (2024) |
| Net migration rate | −3.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023) |
| Age structure | |
| 0–14 years | 20.9% (male 9,196,102/female 8,730,463) |
| 15–64 years | 68.4% (male 29,589,637/female 29,036,444) |
| 65 and over | 10.6% (male 4,067,371/female 5,044,927) (2024)[1] |
| Sex ratio | |
| Total | 1.01 male(s)/female (2024 est.)[5] |
| At birth | 1.05 male(s)/female |
| Under 15 | 1.05 male(s)/female |
| 15–64 years | 1.03 male(s)/female |
| 65 and over | 0.83 male(s)/female |
| Nationality | |
| Nationality | Turkish citizen |
| Major ethnic | Turkish (70–75%)[5] |
| Minor ethnic |
|
| Language | |
| Official | Turkish (87.6%)[6] |
| Spoken | |
Demographic features of the population of Turkey include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
As of 1 July 2025, the population of Turkey was over 85.8 million with an annual growth rate of 0.36%. However, this official population number excludes the registered Syrian refugees under temporary protection status which have a population of about 2.6 million as of the date.[7]
Turks are the largest ethnic group, comprising 70–75% of the population while Kurds are the second largest with 19%. The others, including Armenians, Arabs, Assyrians, Albanians, Bulgarians, Bosniaks, Circassians, Chechens, Georgians, Greeks, Pomaks, Rum, Russians, Romani, Jews, Laz people and others make 6–11% of the population according to a 2016 estimate by the CIA.[8]
The population has been aging in recent years, with just 20.6% falling in the 0–14 age bracket (down from 26.4% in 2007).[7] The population over the age of 65 is 11.0% (up from 7.1% in 2007). As of 2024, the median age of the Turkish population is 34.4 years (up from 28.3 in 2007).[7] According to OECD/World Bank population statistics, from 1990 to 2008 the population growth in Turkey was 16 million or 29%.[9]
- ^ a b c d "The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2024". www.tuik.gov.tr. Turkish Statistical Institute. 6 February 2025. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
- ^ "Death and Causes of Death Statistics, 2023". data.tuik.gov.tr. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
- ^ "Life Tables, 2021-2023". data.tuik.gov.tr. Retrieved 18 September 2024.
- ^ "Birth Statistics, 2024". www.tuik.gov.tr. Turkish Statistical Institute. 13 May 2025. Retrieved 13 May 2025.
- ^ a b c d "Turkey (Turkiye)". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
- ^ "Turkey: country data and statistics". Worlddata.info. Retrieved 24 April 2025.
- ^ a b c "TURKSTAT Corporate". data.tuik.gov.tr. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
- ^ "Turkey (Turkiye)", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 5 February 2025, retrieved 6 February 2025
- ^ CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Archived 12 October 2009 at the Wayback Machine Population 1971–2008 (pdf Archived 2012-01-06 at the Wayback Machine pages 83–85) IEA (OECD/ World Bank) original population ref e.g. in IEA Key World Energy Statistics 2010, p. 57.