Chang'e 3

Chang'e 3
	Top: Chang'e 3 lander on the Moon; Bottom: Yutu rover on lunar surface
Mission type	Lander and rover
Operator	CNSA
COSPAR ID	2013-070A
SATCAT no.	39458
Mission duration	Lander: 1 year (planned); 11 years, 292 days (elapsed); ; Rover: 3 months (planned); 2 years, 230 days (final); ;
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer	China Academy of Space Technology (CAST)
BOL mass	3,780 kg (8,330 lb)
Landing mass	1,200 kg (2,600 lb); Rover: 140 kg (310 lb)
Dimensions	Rover: 1.5 m (4.9 ft) long, 1.0 m high
Start of mission
Launch date	17:30, 1 December 2013 (UTC)
Rocket	Long March 3B Y-23
Launch site	Xichang LC-2
Contractor
Lunar lander
Spacecraft component	Chang'e 3
Landing date	13:11, 14 December 2013 (UTC)
Landing site	Mare Imbrium ; 44°07′17″N 19°30′42″W / 44.1214°N 19.5116°W
Lunar rover
Spacecraft component	Yutu-1
Landing date	13:11, 14 December 2013 (UTC)
Landing site	Mare Imbrium
Distance driven	114.8 m (377 ft)
	Chinese Lunar Exploration Program

Chang'e 3 ( /tʃæŋˈʌ/; Chinese: 嫦娥三号; pinyin: Cháng'é Sānhào; lit. 'Chang'e No. 3') was a robotic lunar exploration mission operated by the China National Space Administration (CNSA), incorporating a robotic lander and China's first lunar rover. It was launched in December 2013 as part of the second phase of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program.^[4]^[6] The mission's chief commander was Ma Xingrui.^[7]

The spacecraft was named after Chang'e, the goddess of the Moon in Chinese mythology, and is a follow-up to the Chang'e 1 and Chang'e 2 lunar orbiters. The rover was named Yutu (Chinese: 玉兔; lit. 'Jade Rabbit') following an online poll, after the mythological rabbit that lives on the Moon as a pet of the Moon goddess.^[8]

Chang'e 3 achieved lunar orbit on 6 December 2013^[9] and landed on 14 December 2013,^[10] becoming the first spacecraft to soft-land on the Moon since the Soviet Union's Luna 24 in 1976^[11] and the third country to successfully achieve the feat.^[12] On 28 December 2015, Chang'e 3 discovered a new type of basaltic rock, rich in ilmenite, a black mineral.^[13]

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