Wetting

Wetting is the ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface by displacing another substance or material - either a gas, or other liquid not miscible with the wetting liquid - due to the differential strength of intermolecular interactions with the surface.[1]

The degree of wetting, or wettability, is dependent on the force balance between adhesive and cohesive forces, occurring when liquid and solid make contact in the presence of another physical phase. As such, wetting is of importance to bonding and adherence of substances in different phases.[2]

The wetting power of a liquid, and surface forces contributing to its wettability, are also responsible for capillary action. Surfactants can be used to increase the wetting power of liquids (i.e., water) by reducing surface forces.

There are two types of wetting: non-reactive and reactive wetting.[3][4]

Wetting has gained increased attention in nanotechnology and nanoscience research following the development of nanomaterials, such as graphene,[5] carbon nanotubes, and boron nitride nanomesh[6].

  1. ^ Carroll, Gregory T.; Turro, Nicholas J.; Mammana, Angela; Koberstein, Jeffrey T. (2017). "Photochemical Immobilization of Polymers on a Surface: Controlling Film Thickness and Wettability". Photochemistry and Photobiology. 93 (5): 1165–1169. doi:10.1111/php.12751. ISSN 0031-8655. PMID 28295380.
  2. ^ Amziane, Sofiane; Collet, Florence (2017-03-05). Bio-aggregates Based Building Materials: State-of-the-Art Report of the RILEM Technical Committee 236-BBM. Springer. ISBN 9789402410310.
  3. ^ Dezellus, O.; Eustathopoulos, N. (2010). "Fundamental issues of reactive wetting by liquid metals" (PDF). Journal of Materials Science. 45 (16): 4256–4264. Bibcode:2010JMatS..45.4256D. doi:10.1007/s10853-009-4128-x. S2CID 4512480.
  4. ^ Hu, Han; Ji, Hai-Feng; Sun, Ying (2013). "The effect of oxygen vacancies on water wettability of a ZnO surface". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 15 (39): 16557–65. Bibcode:2013PCCP...1516557H. doi:10.1039/C3CP51848E. PMID 23949186. S2CID 205850095.
  5. ^ Rafiee, J.; Mi, X.; Gullapalli, H.; Thomas, A. V.; Yavari, F.; Shi, Y.; Ajayan, P. M.; Koratkar, N. A. (2012). "Wetting transparency of graphene" (PDF). Nature Materials. 11 (3): 217–22. Bibcode:2012NatMa..11..217R. doi:10.1038/nmat3228. PMID 22266468. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-11-15.
  6. ^ Mertens, Stijn F. L.; Hemmi, Adrian; Muff, Stefan; Gröning, Oliver; De Feyter, Steven; Osterwalder, Jürg; Greber, Thomas (2016). "Switching stiction and adhesion of a liquid on a solid" (PDF). Nature. 534 (7609): 676–679. Bibcode:2016Natur.534..676M. doi:10.1038/nature18275. PMID 27357755. S2CID 205249367. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-04-11.
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