Wayang
| Wayang | |
|---|---|
| Types | Traditional puppet theatre |
| Ancestor arts | Javanese people |
| Originating culture | Indonesia |
| Originating era | Hindu - Buddhist civilisations |
| This article is a part of the series on |
| Indonesian mythology and folklore |
|---|
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Wayang (Javanese: ꦮꦪꦁ, romanized: wayang (in the ngoko register), ꦫꦶꦁꦒꦶꦠ꧀, ringgit (in the krama register))[1]: 803-804 is a traditional Javanese form of puppet theatre.[2][3][4] The term wayang refers both to the show as a whole and the puppet in particular.[5] Performances of wayang puppet theatre are accompanied by a gamelan orchestra in Java, and by gender wayang in Bali. The dramatic stories depict mythologies, such as episodes from the Hindu epics the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, as well as local adaptations of cultural legends.[3][6][7] Traditionally, a wayang is played out in a ritualized midnight-to-dawn show by a dalang, an artist and spiritual leader; people watch the show from both sides of the screen.[3][6]
Wayang performances are popular among Indonesians, especially in the islands of Java and Bali. They are usually held at certain rituals, ceremonies, events as well as tourist attractions. In ritual contexts, puppet shows are used for prayer rituals in Balinese temples,[8] ruwatan ritual (cleansing Sukerto children from bad luck),[9] and sedekah bumi ritual (thanksgiving to God for the abundant crops).[10] In the context of ceremonies, usually it is used to celebrate mantenan (Javanese wedding ceremony) and sunatan (circumcision ceremony). In events, it is used to celebrate Independence Day, the anniversaries of municipalities and companies, birthdays, commemorating certain days, and many more. Even in the modern era with the development of tourism activities, wayang puppet shows are used as cultural tourism attractions.[11]
- ^ Wibisono, Singgih; Kurniasih, Yacinta (2002). Javanese English dictionary. Hong Kong : North Clarendon, VT: Periplus Editions (HK) ; Tuttle Pub. ISBN 0-7946-0000-X.
- ^ "Wayang puppet theatre - UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage". ich.unesco.org.
- ^ a b c "Wayang: Indonesian Theatre". Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2012.
- ^ "History and Etymology for Wayang". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
- ^ Siyuan Liu (2016). Routledge Handbook of Asian Theatre. Routledge. pp. 72–81. ISBN 978-1-317-27886-3.
- ^ a b Don Rubin; Chua Soo Pong; Ravi Chaturvedi; et al. (2001). The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia/Pacific. Taylor & Francis. pp. 184–186. ISBN 978-0-415-26087-9.
- ^ Yves Bonnefoy (1993). Asian Mythologies. University of Chicago Press. p. 162. ISBN 978-0-226-06456-7.
- ^ ""Pertunjukan Wayang Kulit sebagai Atraksi Budaya Baik atau Buruk?"". www.kompasiana.com. 15 December 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
- ^ ""Dalang Ruwat, Profesi Tak Sembarangan Ki Manteb Soedharsono"". www.cnnindonesia.com. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
- ^ ""Sedekah Bumi dan Wayang Kulit, Cara Bersyukur Petani Atas Panennya"". www.jawapos.com. 10 October 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
- ^ ""Wayang Seni Ritual, Dulu Dimainkan Oleh Saman"". www.balihbalihan.com. 12 June 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2021.