Sodium chloride

Sodium chloride
	Sodium chloride crystals in a form of halite
	Crystal structure with sodium in purple and chloride in green
Names
	IUPAC name Sodium chloride
	Other names common salt, regular salt; halite, rock salt; table salt, sea salt; saline;
Identifiers
CAS Number	7647-14-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	3534976
ChEBI	CHEBI:26710 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200574 ;
ChemSpider	5044 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.726
EC Number	231-598-3;
Gmelin Reference	13673
KEGG	D02056 ;
MeSH	Sodium+chloride
PubChem CID	5234;
RTECS number	VZ4725000;
UNII	451W47IQ8X ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3021271 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/ClH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1/ClH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-REWHXWOFAE;
	SMILES [Na+].[Cl-];
Properties
Chemical formula	NaCl
Molar mass	58.443 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless cubic crystals
Odor	Faint, salty (when powdered), or odorless (solid rock)
Density	2.17 g/cm3
Melting point	800.7 °C (1,473.3 °F; 1,073.8 K)
Boiling point	1,413 °C (2,575 °F; 1,686 K)
Solubility in water	360 g/L (25 °C)
Solubility in ammonia	21.5 g/L
Solubility in methanol	13.75 g/L
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−30.2·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.5441 (at 589 nm)
Structure
Crystal structure	Face-centered cubic; (see text), cF8
Space group	Fm3m (No. 225)
Lattice constant	a = 564.02 pm
Formula units (Z)	4
Coordination geometry	octahedral at Na+; octahedral at Cl−
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	50.5 J/(K·mol)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	72.10 J/(K·mol)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−411.120 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	A12CA01 (WHO) B05CB01 (WHO), B05XA03 (WHO), S01XA03 (WHO)
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	0 0 0
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	3 g/kg (oral, rats)
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium fluoride; Sodium bromide; Sodium iodide; Sodium astatide
Other cations	Lithium chloride; Potassium chloride; Rubidium chloride; Caesium chloride; Francium chloride
Supplementary data page
	Sodium chloride (data page)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Sodium chloride /ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd/,^[8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical syntheses. Another major application of sodium chloride is deicing of roadways in sub-freezing weather.

^ "Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Crystal". PhysicsOpenLab. Archived from the original on 8 February 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Haynes, 4.89
^ Haynes, 4.135
^ Haynes, 10.241
^ Haynes, 4.148
^ Haynes, 5.8
^ Tucker, R. K.; Haegele, M. A. (1971). "Comparative acute oral toxicity of pesticides to six species of birds". Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 20 (1): 57–65. Bibcode:1971ToxAP..20...57T. doi:10.1016/0041-008x(71)90088-3. ISSN 0041-008X. PMID 5110827.
^ Wells, John C. (2008), Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.), Longman, pp. 143 and 755, ISBN 9781405881180

[1] "Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Crystal". PhysicsOpenLab. Archived from the original on 8 February 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2021.

[crc-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Haynes, 4.89

[3] Haynes, 4.135

[4] Haynes, 10.241

[5] Haynes, 4.148

[6] Haynes, 5.8

[7] Tucker, R. K.; Haegele, M. A. (1971). "Comparative acute oral toxicity of pesticides to six species of birds". Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 20 (1): 57–65. Bibcode:1971ToxAP..20...57T. doi:10.1016/0041-008x(71)90088-3. ISSN 0041-008X. PMID 5110827.

[8] Wells, John C. (2008), Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.), Longman, pp. 143 and 755, ISBN 9781405881180

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