Sea turtle

Sea turtles
Temporal range:
Early Cretaceous – Holocene,[1]
A green sea turtle, a species of the sea turtle superfamily
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Testudines
Suborder: Cryptodira
Clade: Americhelydia
Clade: Panchelonioidea
Superfamily:
Bauer, 1893[2]
Families
  • Dermochelyidae
  • Cheloniidae
  • †Ctenochelyidae
Synonyms[2]

Chelonii - Oppel, 1811
Chlonopteria - Rafinesque, 1814
Cheloniae - Schmid, 1819
Edigitata - Haworth, 1825
Oiacopodae - Wagler, 1828
Pterodactyli - Mayer, 1849

Sea turtles (superfamily Chelonioidea), sometimes called marine turtles,[3] are reptiles of the order Testudines and of the suborder Cryptodira. The seven existing species of sea turtles are the flatback, green, hawksbill, leatherback, loggerhead, Kemp's ridley, and olive ridley.[4][5] Six of the seven species are listed as threatened with extinction globally on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The remaining one, the flatback turtle, is found only in the waters of Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia.[6][7]

Sea turtles can be categorized as hard-shelled (cheloniid) or leathery-shelled (dermochelyid).[8] The only dermochelyid species of sea turtle is the leatherback.[8]

  1. ^ Hirayama R; Tong H (2003). "Osteopygis (Testudines: Cheloniidae) from the Lower Tertiary of the Ouled Abdoun phosphate basin, Morocco". Palaeontology. 46 (5): 845–56. Bibcode:2003Palgy..46..845H. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00322.
  2. ^ a b Rhodin, Anders G.J.; van Dijk, Peter Paul; Inverson, John B.; Shaffer, H. Bradley; Roger, Bour (2011-12-31). "Turtles of the world, 2011 update: Annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution and conservation status" (PDF). Chelonian Research Monographs. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-31.
  3. ^ Avise, J. C.; Hamrick, J. L. (1996). Conservation Genetics. Springer. ISBN 978-0412055812.
  4. ^ Fisheries, NOAA. "Sea Turtles :: NOAA Fisheries". www.nmfs.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2015-12-20.
  5. ^ "Sea Turtle Species". The State of the World's Sea Turtles. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
  6. ^ "The Flatback: Australia's Own Sea Turtle". The State of the World's Sea Turtles. 2023-10-30. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
  7. ^ Assessment of Sea-Turtle Status and Trends: Integrating Demography and Abundance. National Academies Press. 2010. doi:10.17226/12889. ISBN 978-0-309-15255-6.
  8. ^ a b Wyneken, J. 2001. The Anatomy of Sea Turtles. U.S Department of Commerce NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-470, 1-172 pp.
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