Salvador Dalí
The Most Excellent[1] Salvador Dalí GYC | |
|---|---|
Dalí in 1939 | |
| Born | Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí Doménech[a] 11 May 1904 Figueres, Catalonia, Spain |
| Died | 23 January 1989 (aged 84) Figueres, Catalonia, Spain |
| Resting place | Crypt at Dalí Theatre and Museum, Figueres |
| Education | San Fernando School of Fine Arts, Madrid, Spain |
| Known for | Painting, drawing, photography, sculpture, writing, film, and jewelry |
| Notable work |
|
| Movement | Cubism, Dada, Surrealism |
| Spouse |
Gala Dalí
(m. 1934; died 1982) |
| Signature | |
Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marquess of Dalí of Púbol[b][a] GYC (11 May 1904 – 23 January 1989), known as Salvador Dalí (/ˈdɑːli, dɑːˈliː/ DAH-lee, dah-LEE;[2] Catalan: [səlβəˈðo ðəˈli]; Spanish: [salβaˈðoɾ ðaˈli]),[c] was a Spanish surrealist artist renowned for his technical skill, precise draftsmanship, and the striking and bizarre images in his work.
Born in Figueres in Catalonia, Dalí received his formal education in fine arts in Madrid. Influenced by Impressionism and the Renaissance masters from a young age, he became increasingly attracted to Cubism and avant-garde movements.[3] He moved closer to Surrealism in the late 1920s and joined the Surrealist group in 1929, soon becoming one of its leading exponents. His best-known work, The Persistence of Memory, was completed in August 1931. Dalí lived in France throughout the Spanish Civil War (1936 to 1939) before leaving for the United States in 1940 where he achieved commercial success. He returned to Spain in 1948 where he announced his return to the Catholic faith and developed his "nuclear mysticism" style, based on his interest in classicism, mysticism, and recent scientific developments.[4]
Dalí's artistic repertoire included painting, sculpture, film, graphic arts, animation, fashion, and photography, at times in collaboration with other artists. He also wrote fiction, poetry, autobiography, essays, and criticism. Major themes in his work include dreams, the subconscious, sexuality, religion, science and his closest personal relationships. To the dismay of those who held his work in high regard, and to the irritation of his critics, his eccentric and ostentatious public behavior often drew more attention than his artwork.[5][6] His public support for the Francoist regime, his commercial activities and the quality and authenticity of some of his late works have also been controversial.[7] His life and work were an important influence on other Surrealists, pop art, popular culture, and contemporary artists such as Jeff Koons and Damien Hirst.[8][9]
There are two major museums devoted to Salvador Dalí's work: the Dalí Theatre-Museum in Figueres, Spain, and the Salvador Dalí Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida, U.S.
- ^ "Boletín Oficial del Estado, the official gazette of the Spanish government". Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2010.
- ^ "Dalí" Archived 8 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. "Dalí" Archived 29 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
- ^ Gibson, Ian, The Shameful Life of Salvador Dalí, London, Faber and Faber, 1997, Chs 2, 3
- ^ Gibson, Ian, The Shameful Life of Salvador Dali (1997)
- ^ Saladyga, Stephen Francis (2006). "The Mindset of Salvador Dalí". Lamplighter. Niagara University. Archived from the original on 6 September 2006. Retrieved 22 July 2006.
- ^ Meisler, Stanley (April 2005). "The Surreal World of Salvador Dalí". Smithsonian.com. Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
- ^ Gibson, Ian (1997), passim
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:9was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Salvador Dalí's iconic Lobster Telephone acquired by National Galleries of Scotland". National Galleries Scotland. 17 December 2018. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).