Russian ruble

Russian ruble
российский рубль (Russian) руб, р, Rub
100₽ banknote (2022)	current ruble coins
ISO 4217
Code	RUB (numeric: 643) ; RUR (1992–1997)
Subunit	0.01
Unit
Unit	ruble
Plural	The language(s) of this currency belong(s) to the Slavic languages. There is more than one way to construct plural forms.
Symbol	₽‎
Denominations
Subunit
1⁄100	kopeyka (копейка), коп. or к
Banknotes	5 ₽, 10 ₽, 50 ₽, 100 ₽, 200 ₽, 500 ₽, 1,000 ₽, 2,000 ₽, 5,000 ₽
Coins	1 ₽, 2 ₽, 5 ₽, 10 ₽
Demographics
Date of introduction	c. 1300
Replaced	Soviet ruble (SUR) (1922–1992)
User(s)	Russian Federation (1992–) 1 leased territory Baikonur (1992–); ; 8 disputed territories Abkhazia (2008–); South Ossetia (2008–); Republic of Crimea (2014–); Sevastopol (2014–); Donetsk People's Republic (2014–); Luhansk People's Republic (2014–); Zaporizhzhia Oblast (2022–); Kherson Oblast (2022–); ; Multiple historical users Principality of Moscow (c. 1300–1547); Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721); Russian Empire (1721–1917); Russian SFSR (1917–1922); Kyrgyzstan (1992–1993); Moldova (1992–1993); Turkmenistan (1992–1993); Armenia (1992–1994); Azerbaijan (1992–1994); Belarus (1992–1994); Georgia (1992––1994); Kazakhstan (1992–1994); Uzbekistan (1992–1994); Tajikistan (1992–1995); ;
Issuance
Central bank	Central Bank of Russia
Website	www.cbr.ru
Printer	Goznak
Website	www.goznak.ru
Mint	Moscow Mint and Saint Petersburg Mint
Website	mmd.goznak.ru, spmd.goznak.ru
Valuation
Inflation	9.5% (December 2024)
Source	Central Bank of Russia
Method	CPI

The ruble or rouble^[d] (Russian: рубль, romanized: rublʹ; symbol: ₽; ISO code: RUB) is the currency of Russia. Banknotes and coins are issued by the Central Bank of Russia, which is Russia's monetary authority independent of all other government bodies.^[14]

The ruble is the second-oldest currency in continuous use and the first decimal currency.^[15]^[16] The ruble was the currency of the Russian Empire, which was replaced by the Soviet ruble (code: SUR) during the Soviet period. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, by 1992, the Soviet ruble was replaced in the Russian Federation by the Russian ruble (code: RUR) at par. The Russian ruble then further continued to be used in 11 post-Soviet states, forming a "ruble zone" until 1993.^[11]^[12]^[13] The ruble was further redenominated with the new code "RUB" just preceding the 1998 Russian financial crisis, and was exchanged at the rate of 1,000 RUR = 1 RUB.^[17]

As of April 2019, the ruble was the 17th-most traded currency in the world;^[18] however, due to international sanctions, the ruble dropped to being the 34th-most traded currency in the world as of April 2022.^[19] The ruble is subdivided into 100 kopecks which have fallen out of use due to inflation. In 2023, the digital ruble was introduced.

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^ "World Bank Editorial Style Guide 2020" (PDF). World Bank. p. 138. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
^ Cite error: The named reference ISO61 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ISO69 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ISO64 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference ISO78 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ISO77 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ISO71 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ISO72 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ISO76 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ISO84 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b John Odling-Smee, Gonzalo Pastor. The IMF and the Ruble Area, 1991—1993 // IMF Working Paper, 2001 Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 50 - 1992-12-10 (PDF)
^ ^a ^b "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 54 - 1993-03-08" (PDF).
^ Article 75 - Constitution of the Russian Federation (English translation)
^ Erdmann 2021, p. 83.
^ Cite error: The named reference bbc-news was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 97 - 1997-12-19" (PDF).
^ "Triennial Central Bank Survey Foreign exchange turnover in April 2019" (PDF). Bank for International Settlements. 16 September 2019. p. 10. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
^ Triennial Central Bank Survey Foreign exchange turnover in April 2022 (PDF) (Report). Bank for International Settlements. 27 October 2022. p. 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 October 2022.

[2] "World Bank Editorial Style Guide 2020" (PDF). World Bank. p. 138. Retrieved 3 September 2022.

[ISO61-5] Cite error: The named reference ISO61 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[ISO69-6] Cite error: The named reference ISO69 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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[ISO78-8] Cite error: The named reference ISO78 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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[IMF01-14] John Odling-Smee, Gonzalo Pastor. The IMF and the Ruble Area, 1991—1993 // IMF Working Paper, 2001 Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine

[ISO50-15] ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 50 - 1992-12-10 (PDF)

[ISO54-16] "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 54 - 1993-03-08" (PDF).

[RF75-18] Article 75 - Constitution of the Russian Federation (English translation)

[FOOTNOTEErdmann202183-19] Erdmann 2021, p. 83.

[bbc-news-20] Cite error: The named reference bbc-news was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[21] "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 97 - 1997-12-19" (PDF).

[BIS-22] "Triennial Central Bank Survey Foreign exchange turnover in April 2019" (PDF). Bank for International Settlements. 16 September 2019. p. 10. Retrieved 16 September 2019.

[23] Triennial Central Bank Survey Foreign exchange turnover in April 2022 (PDF) (Report). Bank for International Settlements. 27 October 2022. p. 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 October 2022.

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