Prussian blue

Prussian blue
Names
	IUPAC name Iron(II,III) hexacyanidoferrate(II,III)
	Other names Brandenburg blue; Berlin blue; Ferric ferrocyanide; Ferric hexacyanoferrate; Iron(III) ferrocyanide; Iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II); Parisian blue; Sarum blue; Midnight blue;
Identifiers
CAS Number	14038-43-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:30069 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL2096629 ;
ChemSpider	20074656 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.034.418
EC Number	237-875-5;
Gmelin Reference	1093743
PubChem CID	2724251;
UNII	TLE294X33A ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9047756 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/18CN.7Fe/c181-2;;;;;;;/q;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;3-4;4+3 Key: DNMNDNSFJMUUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1S/18CN.7Fe/c181-2;;;;;;;/q;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;3-4;4+3; Key: DNMNDNSFJMUUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#C[Fe-4](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(C#N)C#N.N#C[Fe-4](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(C#N)C#N.N#C[Fe-4](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(C#N)C#N;
Properties
Chemical formula	C18Fe7N18
Molar mass	859.239 g·mol−1
Appearance	Blue opaque crystals
Solubility in water	Insoluble
Structure
Crystal structure	Face-centered cubic, cF43
Space group	Fm3m, No. 225
Pharmacology
ATC code	V03AB31 (WHO)
Routes of; administration	Oral
Hazards
Safety data sheet (SDS)	MSDS Prussian blue
Related compounds
Other cations	Potassium ferrocyanide; Sodium ferrocyanide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Prussian blue (also known as Berlin blue, Brandenburg blue, Parisian and Paris blue) is a dark blue pigment produced by oxidation of ferrous ferrocyanide salts. It has the chemical formula Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃. It consists of Fe³⁺ cations, where iron is in the oxidation state of +3, and [Fe(CN)₆]⁴⁻ anions, where iron is in the oxidation state of +2, so, the other name of this salt is iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II). Turnbull's blue is essentially identical chemically, excepting that it has different impurities and particle sizes—because it is made from different reagents—and thus it has a slightly different color.

Prussian blue was created in the early 18th century and is the first modern synthetic pigment. It is prepared as a very fine colloidal dispersion, because the compound is not soluble in water. It contains variable amounts^[2] of other ions and its appearance depends sensitively on the size of the colloidal particles. The pigment is used in paints, it became prominent in 19th-century aizuri-e (藍摺り絵) Japanese woodblock prints, and it is the traditional "blue" in technical blueprints.

In medicine, orally administered Prussian blue is used as an antidote for certain kinds of heavy metal poisoning, e.g., by thallium(I) and radioactive isotopes of caesium. The therapy exploits Prussian blue's ion-exchange properties and high affinity for certain "soft" metal cations. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.^[3]

Prussian blue lent its name to prussic acid (hydrogen cyanide) derived from it. In German, hydrogen cyanide is called Blausäure ('blue acid').

^ Fuess, H. (20 July 2010). International Tables for Crystallography, Vol. A (2016 ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-68575-4.
^ Cite error: The named reference Dunbar was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines" (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.

[1] Fuess, H. (20 July 2010). International Tables for Crystallography, Vol. A (2016 ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-68575-4.

[Dunbar-2] Cite error: The named reference Dunbar was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[3] "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines" (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.

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