Plagues of Egypt

In the Book of Exodus, the Plagues of Egypt (Hebrew: מכות מצרים‎) are ten disasters that Yahweh inflicts on the Egyptians to convince the Pharaoh to emancipate the enslaved Israelites, each of them confronting the Pharaoh and one of his Egyptian gods;[1] they serve as "signs and marvels" given by Yahweh in response to the Pharaoh's taunt that he does not know Yahweh: "The Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD".[2]: 117  These Plagues are recited by Jews during the Passover Seder.[3]

The consensus of modern scholars is that the Pentateuch does not give an accurate account of the origins of the Israelites.[4][5]: 81 [6]: 6–7  Similarly, attempts to find natural explanations for the plagues (e.g., a volcanic eruption to explain the "darkness" plague) have been dismissed by biblical scholars on the grounds that their pattern, timing, rapid succession, and above all, control by Moses mark them as supernatural.[5]: 90 [2]: 117–118 

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Greifenhagen was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b Tigay, Jeffrey H. (2004). "Exodus". In Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi (eds.). The Jewish Study Bible. Oxford University Press.
  3. ^ "08. The Meaning of the Ten Plagues – Peninei Halakha". March 15, 2011. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
  4. ^ Faust 2015, p. 476.
  5. ^ a b Moore, Megan Bishop; Kelle, Brad E. (2011). Biblical History and Israel's Past. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802862600.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Meyers was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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