Ottawa
Ottawa | |
|---|---|
Federal capital city | |
| City of Ottawa Ville d'Ottawa (French) | |
Centre Block on Parliament Hill Rideau Canal Château Laurier National Gallery of Canada Downtown Ottawa | |
|
Flag Coat of arms Logo | |
| Nicknames: | |
| Motto(s): "Advance-Ottawa-En Avant" Written in the two official languages.[4] | |
OpenStreetMap | |
Ottawa Ottawa | |
| Coordinates: 45°25′29″N 75°41′42″W / 45.42472°N 75.69500°W[5] | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Ontario |
| Established | 1826 as Bytown[6] |
| Incorporated | 1855 as City of Ottawa[6] |
| Amalgamated | 1 January 2001 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Single-tier municipality with a Mayor–council system |
| • Mayor | Mark Sutcliffe |
| • City council | Ottawa City Council |
| • Federal representation | List of MPs |
| • Provincial representation | List of MPPs |
| Area | |
• Federal capital city | 2,790.31 km2 (1,077.34 sq mi) |
| • Land | 2,788.20 km2 (1,076.53 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 549.49 km2 (212.16 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 8,046.99 km2 (3,106.96 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 70 m (230 ft) |
| Population | |
• Federal capital city | 1,017,449 (4th) |
| • Density | 364.9/km2 (945/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,068,821 |
| • Urban density | 1,945.1/km2 (5,038/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,488,307 (4th) |
| • Metro density | 185.0/km2 (479/sq mi) |
| • Demonym[10][11] | Ottawan |
| Time zone | UTC−05:00 (EST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−04:00 (EDT) |
| Postal code span | K0A-K4C[4] |
| Area codes | 613, 343, 753 |
| GDP (Ottawa–Gatineau CMA) | CA$89.9 billion (2020)[12] |
| GDP per capita (Ottawa–Gatineau CMA) | CA$60,414 (2020) |
| Website | ottawa |
Ottawa[a] is the capital city of Canada. It is located in the southern portion of the province of Ontario, at the confluence of the Ottawa River and the Rideau River. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Quebec, and forms the core of the Ottawa–Gatineau census metropolitan area (CMA) and the National Capital Region (NCR).[13] As of 2021, Ottawa had a city population of 1,017,449 and a metropolitan population of 1,488,307, making it the fourth-largest city and fourth-largest metropolitan area in Canada.[14][15]
Ottawa is the political centre of Canada and the headquarters of the federal government. The city houses numerous foreign embassies, key buildings, organizations, and institutions of Canada's government; these include the Parliament of Canada, the Supreme Court, the residence of Canada's viceroy, and Office of the Prime Minister.[16]
Founded in 1826 as Bytown, and incorporated as Ottawa in 1855,[17] its original boundaries were expanded through numerous annexations and were ultimately replaced by a new city incorporation and amalgamation in 2001. The municipal government of Ottawa is established and governed by the City of Ottawa Act of the Government of Ontario. It has an elected city council across 24 wards and a mayor elected city-wide, each elected using the first-past-the-post voting election system.[18]
Ottawa has the highest proportion of university-educated residents among Canadian cities[19] and is home to several colleges and universities, research and cultural institutions, including the University of Ottawa, Carleton University, Algonquin College, Collège La Cité, the National Arts Centre, the National Gallery of Canada; and numerous national museums, monuments, and historic sites.[20] It is one of the most visited cities in Canada, with over 11 million visitors annually.[21][22]
- ^ Kennedy, Ryan (8 December 2008). "A few blue and white things to be thankful for". Metro International. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
- ^ "Ottawa". Britannica Student Encyclopedia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. 2014. ISBN 978-1-62513-172-0. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
- ^ Peter Hum (9 November 2009). "O-Town Originals". Ottawa Citizen. Postmedia Network. Archived from the original on 4 January 2015. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ^ a b Art Montague (2008). Ottawa Book of Everything (PDF). MacIntyre Purcell Publishing. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
- ^ "Ottawa". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
- ^ a b Justin D. Edwards; Douglas Ivison (2005). Downtown Canada: Writing Canadian Cities. University of Toronto Press. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-8020-8668-6. Archived from the original on 20 May 2016. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
- ^ a b "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2021 and 2016 censuses – 100% data". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
- ^ a b "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada and population centres, 2021 and 2016 censuses – 100% data". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
- ^ a b "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, 2021 and 2016 censuses – 100% data". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
- ^ "City of Ottawa – Design C". Ottawa.ca. 20 May 2010. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
- ^ "Rapport au / Report to". Ottawa.ca. 2011. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
- ^ "Table 36-10-0468-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA) (x 1,000,000)". Statistics Canada. 6 December 2023. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
- ^ "National Capital Act (R. S. C., 1985, c. N-4)" (PDF). Department of Justice. 22 June 2011. p. 13 Schedule (Section 2) 'Description of National Capital Region'. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
- ^ "Census Profile, 2021 Census Ottawa, [City Census subdivision], Ontario". Archived from the original on 9 February 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada and population centres". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
- ^ Bosc, Marc; Gagnon, André, eds. (2017). "Ottawa as the Seat of Government". House of Commons Procedure and Practice (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2 May 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2022.
- ^ "A Brief History of Bytown". Run Ottawa. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ 2022 official results https://app06.ottawa.ca/election/2022_en.html accessed June 5, 2025
- ^ "Is Ottawa Canada's smartest city? Capital edges Toronto, Calgary in university-educated population". National Post. Postmedia News. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2013.
- ^ "Ottawa's Seven National Museums". Ottawa Tourism. Ottawa Tourism and Convention Authority, Inc. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ "Canada's third consecutive record-breaking year in tourism in 2019 a win for Ottawa". City News. Rogers Sports & Media. Archived from the original on 31 October 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
- ^ "Ottawa attracts more than 11 million visitors each year". Ottawa Citizen. Post Media. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
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