Newcastle upon Tyne

Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne
City and metropolitan borough
	The Quayside, with the Tyne Bridge to the left and the Millennium Bridge to the centre right Buildings on Sandhill The Castle Grainger Town Theatre Royal St Mary's RC Cathedral Civic Centre
	Coat of arms
	Nickname: The Toon
	Motto(s): Latin: Fortiter Defendit Triumphans, lit. 'Triumphing by Brave Defence'
	Newcastle shown within Tyne and Wear
	Coordinates: 54°58′26″N 1°36′47″W / 54.9738°N 1.6131°W
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Country	England
Region	North East
Ceremonial county	Tyne and Wear
Historic county	Northumberland
City region	North East
Founded	2nd century AD
City status	1882
Metropolitan borough	1 April 1974
Administrative HQ	Newcastle Civic Centre
Government
• Type	Metropolitan borough
• Body	Newcastle City Council
• Executive	Leader and cabinet
• Control	Labour
• Leader	Karen Kilgour (L)
• Lord Mayor	Henry Gallagher
• MPs	5 MPs Mary Glindon (L) ; Catherine McKinnell (L) ; Chi Onwurah (L) ; Joe Morris (L) ; Emma Foody (L) ;
Area
• Total	44 sq mi (115 km2)
• Land	44 sq mi (113 km2)
• Rank	182nd
Population (2022)
• Total	307,565
• Rank	46th
• Density	7,020/sq mi (2,711/km2)
Demonyms	Novocastrian; Geordie (colloq.);
Ethnicity (2021)
• Ethnic groups	List 80.0% White ; 11.4% Asian ; 3.3% Black ; 2.3% Mixed ; 3.1% other ;
Religion (2021)
• Religion	List 41.3% Christianity ; 40.8% no religion ; 9.0% Islam ; 1.4% Hinduism ; 0.5% Sikhism ; 0.5% Buddhism ; 0.2% Judaism ; 0.4% other ; 6.0% not stated ;
Time zone	UTC+0 (GMT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+1 (BST)
Postcode area	NE1–7; NE12–20; NE27–29;
Dialling code	0191
ISO 3166 code	GB-NET
GSS code	E08000021
Website	newcastle.gov.uk

Newcastle upon Tyne, or simply Newcastle (/njuːˈkæsəl/ ^ⓘ new-KASS-əl, RP: /ˈnjuːkɑːsəl/ ^ⓘ NEW-kah-səl),^[5] is a cathedral city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England. It is England's northernmost city and metropolitan borough, located on the River Tyne's northern bank opposite Gateshead to the south. It is the most populous settlement in the Tyneside conurbation and North East England.^[6]

Newcastle developed around a Roman settlement called Pons Aelius.^[7] The settlement became known as Monkchester before taking on the name of a castle built in 1080 by William the Conqueror's eldest son, Robert Curthose. It was one of the world's largest ship building and repair centres during the Industrial Revolution.^[8] Newcastle was historically part of the county of Northumberland, but governed as a county corporate after 1400.^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12] In 1974, Newcastle became part of the newly created metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear. The local authority is Newcastle City Council, which is a constituent member of the North East Combined Authority.

^ "How we run the city". Newcastle City Council. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
^ "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022". Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
^ "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022". Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
^ ^a ^b UK Census (2021). "2021 Census Area Profile – Newcastle upon Tyne Local Authority (E08000021)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
^ Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. p. 539. ISBN 9781405881180.
^ "Figure 1: Explore population characteristics of individual BUAs". Retrieved 7 August 2021.
^ George Patrick Welch (1963). Britannia, the Roman Conquest and Occupation of Britain. Wesleyan University Press. pp. 165, 167, 277. ISBN 978-0-598-26430-5. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
^ "Shipbuilding in North East England". England's North East. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
^ Cite error: The named reference self57567 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference sepNewc was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference archivesMuseumSeparatedFromNorthumberland was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference countyOfItself_Separated_1400 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Council_leadership-1] "How we run the city". Newcastle City Council. Retrieved 16 January 2024.

[2] "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022". Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.

[popstats-3] "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022". Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.

[2021_Nomis-4] UK Census (2021). "2021 Census Area Profile – Newcastle upon Tyne Local Authority (E08000021)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 13 July 2024.

[Wells2008-5] Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. p. 539. ISBN 9781405881180.

[2021census-6] "Figure 1: Explore population characteristics of individual BUAs". Retrieved 7 August 2021.

[7] George Patrick Welch (1963). Britannia, the Roman Conquest and Occupation of Britain. Wesleyan University Press. pp. 165, 167, 277. ISBN 978-0-598-26430-5. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)

[8] "Shipbuilding in North East England". England's North East. Retrieved 26 June 2020.

[self57567-9] Cite error: The named reference self57567 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[sepNewc-10] Cite error: The named reference sepNewc was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[archivesMuseumSeparatedFromNorthumberland-11] Cite error: The named reference archivesMuseumSeparatedFromNorthumberland was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[countyOfItself_Separated_1400-12] Cite error: The named reference countyOfItself_Separated_1400 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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