Indigenous peoples in Brazil
Brasileiros nativos (Portuguese) | |
|---|---|
Proportion of Native Brazilians in each municipality as of the 2022 Brazilian census | |
| Total population | |
| Amerindian ancestry predominates 1,693,535 (2022 census)[1] 0.83% of the Brazilian population | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Predominantly in the North and Central-West | |
| Languages | |
| Indigenous languages, Portuguese | |
| Religion | |
| Indigenous religion, animism. 61.1% Roman Catholic, 19.9% Protestant, 11% non-religious, 8% other beliefs.[2] | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Other Indigenous peoples of the Americas |
Indigenous peoples in Brazil or Native Brazilians (Portuguese: Brasileiros nativos) are the peoples whose ancestors lived in Brazil before European contact around 1500 and those pre-Columbian forebears. Indigenous peoples once comprised an estimated 2,000 distinct tribes and nations inhabiting what is now Brazil. The 2010 Brazil census recorded 305 Indigenous ethnic groups.
Historically, many Indigenous peoples of Brazil were semi-nomadic and combined hunting, fishing, and gathering with migratory agriculture. Many tribes were massacred by European settlers, and others assimilated into the growing European population Brazilian population.
The Indigenous population was decimated by European diseases, declining from a pre-Columbian high of 2 million to 3 million to approximately 300,000 by 1997, distributed among 200 tribes. According to the 2022 IBGE census, 1,693,535 Brazilians classified themselves as Indigenous, and the census recorded 274 Indigenous languages.[3][4] Almost 77% of Indigenous Brazilians speak Portuguese.[5]
On 18 January 2007, Fundação Nacional do Índio reported 67 remaining uncontacted tribes in Brazil, up from 40 known in 2005. With this increase, Brazil surpassed New Guinea, becoming the country with the largest number of uncontacted peoples in the world.[6]
- ^ "Tabela 9605: População residente, por cor ou raça, nos Censos Demográficos". sidra.ibge.gov.br. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
- ^ (in Portuguese) Study Panorama of religions. Fundação Getúlio Vargas, 2003.
- ^ Vieceli, Leonardo (7 August 2023). "Brasil tem quase 1,7 milhão de indígenas, aponta Censo 2022". UOL (in Brazilian Portuguese). Folha de S.Paulo. Archived from the original on 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
- ^ "IBGE | Indígenas | Brasil indígena | língua falada". indigenas.ibge.gov.br. IBGE. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ^ "Indigenous peoples in Brazil". International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
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