Llanito

Llanito
Yanito
PronunciationSpanish: [ɟʝaˈnito]
Native toGibraltar
EthnicityGibraltarians
Indo-European
  • Italic
    • Latino-Faliscan
Early forms
Old Latin
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3
IETFes-GI-spanglis
The majority of Gibraltar's population speaks Llanito.

Llanito or Yanito (Spanish pronunciation: [ɟʝaˈnito]) is a form of Andalusian Spanish heavily laced with words from English and other languages, such as Ligurian; it is spoken in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar.[3] It is commonly marked by a great deal of code switching between Andalusian Spanish and British English and by the use of Anglicisms and loanwords from other Mediterranean languages and dialects.[4]

Llanito has been described as "Gibraltar's dying mother-tongue".[5] The English language is becoming increasingly dominant in Gibraltar, with the younger generation speaking little or no Llanito despite learning Spanish in school.[6][7] Llanito is a Spanish word meaning 'little plain'. Gibraltarians also call themselves Llanitos.

  1. ^ Eberhard, David M., Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2020. Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Twenty-third edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.
  2. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2022). "Castilic". Glottolog 4.6. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  3. ^ "Culture of Gibraltar". Everyculture. Retrieved 5 October 2007.
  4. ^ David Levey (January 2008). Language Change and Variation in Gibraltar. John Benjamins Publishing. pp. 1–4. ISBN 978-90-272-1862-9.
  5. ^ Wright, Laura (Spring 2024). "Gibraltar, LLanito and Marlboro Men" (PDF). 9 West Road. 23: 23–4.
  6. ^ Financial Times. Gibraltar fears loss of identity over Yanito decline. Retrieved 17 November 2022
  7. ^ English.elpais.com. The decline of Llanito: Gibraltar struggles to preserve its singular linguistic identity. Retrieved 31 March 2023.