Libération
| Type | Daily newspaper |
|---|---|
| Format | Compact |
| Owner(s) | Bruno Ledoux |
| Editor | Dov Alfon |
| Founded | 1973 |
| Political alignment | Centre-left |
| Language | French |
| Headquarters | Paris, France |
| Country | France |
| Circulation | 97,633 (total, 2022)[1] 9,900 (digital, 2018) |
| ISSN | 0335-1793 |
| Website | liberation.fr |
| |
Libération (French pronunciation: [libeʁɑsjɔ̃] ⓘ), popularly known as Libé (pronounced [libe]), is a daily newspaper in France, founded in Paris by Jean-Paul Sartre and Serge July in 1973 in the wake of the protest movements of May 1968. Initially positioned on the far left of France's political spectrum, the editorial line evolved towards a more centre-left stance at the end of the 1970s,[2] where it remains as of 2012.[3]
The publication describes its "DNA" as being "liberal libertarian". It aims to act as a common platform for the diverse tendencies within the French Left, with its "compass" being "the defence of freedoms and of minorities".[4] Edouard de Rothschild's acquisition of a 37% capital interest in 2005,[5] and editor Serge July's campaign for the "yes" vote in the referendum establishing a Constitution for Europe the same year,[6] alienated it from a number of its left-wing readers.[7]
In its early days, it was noted for its irreverent and humorous style and unorthodox journalistic culture. All employees, including management, received the same salary. In addition to traditional editor's notes, known as Note de la rédaction and marked as N.D.L.R., it included the innovative NDLC (note de la claviste), apt and witty comments inserted at the last moment by the typesetter.[8] It was the first French daily to have a website. It had a circulation of about 67,000 in 2018.[9] Libération has been considered a newspaper of record in France.[10]
- ^ "Libération − History". Alliance pour les chiffres de la presse et des médias (in French). n.d. Archived from the original on 26 June 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
- ^ "Évaluation Libération" (in French). france-medias.fr. Archived from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
- ^ "French press rallies behind new President Hollande". BBC. 7 May 2012. Archived from the original on 3 January 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
- ^ ""Libération" et son rapport à la gauche" (in French). Libération. 13 March 2014. Archived from the original on 31 January 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
- ^ ""Libération" tombe sous le charme d'Edouard de Rothschild" (in French). Acrimed. 31 January 2005. Archived from the original on 20 December 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2010.
- ^ "L'éditorial de Serge July". Le Nouvel Observateur (in French). 25 June 2008.
- ^ "Un " cri de douleur " de Serge July" (in French). Les Mots Sont Importants. June 2005. Archived from the original on 17 December 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2010.
- ^ "NDLC (note de la claviste)" (in French). Le Monde. 24 June 2011. Archived from the original on 31 January 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
- ^ "ACMP". Archived from the original on 9 April 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
French NGO responsible for surveying newspaper circulation
- ^ Bryant, Elizabeth (27 October 2006). "A capital crisis may bring down leftist French paper / Liberation, founded in 1968, has seen circulation plummet". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on 25 February 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2023.