Kingdom of Sicily

Kingdom of Sicily
*Regnum Siciliae* (Latin)
*Regnu di Sicilia* (Sicilian)
*Regno di Sicilia* (Italian)
Kingdom of Sicily Regnum Siciliae (Latin); Regnu di Sicilia (Sicilian); Regno di Sicilia (Italian);
1130–1816
	Flag; (from 14th century) Coat of arms; (from 14th century)
	Motto: Animus Tuus Dominus (Latin for 'Courage is thy Lord'); (in use in the Sicilian Vespers of 1282)
	The Kingdom of Sicily in 1190
	The Kingdom of Sicily and its territorial divisions in the 14th century.
Status	Sovereign state ; (1130–1412, 1713–1720, 1735–1816); Part of the Crown of Aragon ; (1412–1479); Viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire ; (1479–1713); Part of the Habsburg monarchy; (1720–1735);
Capital and largest city	Palermo; 38°35′31″N 16°4′44″E / 38.59194°N 16.07889°E
Official languages	Latin (bureaucracy) Sicilian; Italian;
Religion	Roman Catholicism (official)
Demonym(s)	Sicilian
Government	Feudal monarchy
King
• 1130–1154	Roger II (first)
• 1759–1816	Ferdinand III (last)
Legislature	Parliament
History
• Coronation of Roger	1130
• Sicilian Vespers	1282
• Annexed to Aragonese dominions	1412
• Spanish domination	1479–1713
• Savoyard period	1713–1720
• Austrian rule	1720–1735
• Conquest by the Spanish Bourbons	1735
• Two Sicilies established	1816
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	County of Sicily
	County of Apulia and Calabria
	Duchy of Naples
	Duchy of Amalfi
	Duchy of Sorrento
	Principality of Capua
	Duchy of Gaeta
1282:; Kingdom of Naples
1753: ; Hospitaller Malta
1816: ; Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Today part of	Italy; Malta

The Kingdom of Sicily (Latin: Regnum Siciliae; Sicilian: Regnu di Sicilia; Italian: Regno di Sicilia^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]) was a state that existed in Sicily and the southern Italian Peninsula as well as, for a time, in Northern Africa, from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 until 1816. It was a successor state of the County of Sicily, which had been founded in 1071 during the Norman conquest of the southern peninsula. The island was divided into three regions: Val di Mazara, Val Demone and Val di Noto.

After a brief rule by Charles of Anjou, a revolt in 1282 known as the Sicilian Vespers threw off Angevin rule in the island of Sicily. The Angevins managed to maintain control in the mainland part of the kingdom, which became a separate entity also styled Kingdom of Sicily, although it is retroactively referred to as the Kingdom of Naples. Sicily (officially known as the Kingdom of Trinacria between 1282 and 1442)^[6]^[7] on the other hand, remained an independent kingdom ruled by relatives of the House of Barcelona, and was then added permanently to the Crown of Aragon as a result of the Compromise of Caspe of 1412.^[8]^[9] Following the dynastic union of the crowns of Castile and Aragon in 1479, it was a viceroyalty of the Spanish kingdom.^[10] During the War of the Spanish Succession (1700–1714), the island was taken over by the House of Savoy. In 1720, Savoy gave it to Austria in exchange for Sardinia. Later, the island was ruled by a branch of the Bourbons. Following the Napoleonic period, the Kingdom of Sicily was formally merged with the Kingdom of Naples to form the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, which in 1861 became part of the new unified Kingdom of Italy.

^ Mallette 2011, p. 5.
^ Documenti per servire alla storia di Sicilia: Diplomatica, Volumes 14-16 (in Italian). U. Manfredi Editori. 1891-01-01. p. XXXII. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2020-10-18.
^ Vio, Michele Del (1706-01-01). Felicis, et fidelissimæ urbis Panormitanæ selecta aliquot ad civitatis decus, et commodum spectantia privilegia per instrumenta varia Siciliæ ... opera don Michaelis De Vio . (in Italian). in palatio senatorio per Dominicum Cortese. p. 314. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2020-10-18.
^ Gregorio, Rosario (1833-01-01). Considerazioni sopra la storia di Sicilia dai tempi normanni sino al presenti, Volume 3 (in Italian). dalla Reale Stamperia. p. 303. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2020-10-18.
^ Mongitore, Antonino; Mongitore, Francesco Serio e (1749-01-01). Parlamenti generali del regno di Sicilia dall' anno 1446 sino al 1748: con le memorie istoriche dell' antico, e moderno uso del parlamento appresso varie nazioni, ed in particolare della sua origine in Sicilia, e del modo di celebrarsi, Volume 1 (in Italian). Presso P. Bentivenga. p. 109. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2020-10-18.
^ Gillespie, Alexander (2016). The Causes of War: Volume II: 1000 CE to 1400 CE. Vol. II. Hart Publishing. p. 115.
^ Merlo, Grado Giovanni (1981). Tabacco, Giovanni (ed.). Basso Medioevo. Medioevo V-XV secolo (in Italian). Italy: Il Mulino. p. 535.
^ Allan W. Atlas (1985). Music at the Aragonese court of Naples. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. ISBN 0-521-24828-0.
^ Rzhevskaya, Valentina (31 March 2025). THE COMPROMISE OF CASPE: AN EPISODE FROM THE HISTORY OF PEACEFUL DISPUTE SETTLEMENT (PDF). European Political and Law Discourse. pp. 241–243. Page 241: On March 29 1412 the nine electors got down to their task in an Aragonese town of Caspe and on June 25 they declared the Castilian prince don Fernando elected. Fernando de Antequera was solemnly proclaimed King of Aragon three days later.
^ N. Zeldes (2003). The Former Jews of This Kingdom: Sicilian Converts After the Expulsion, 1492–1516. BRILL. pp. 5, 69, 296–97. ISBN 90-04-12898-0.

[FOOTNOTEMallette20115-1] Mallette 2011, p. 5.

[2] Documenti per servire alla storia di Sicilia: Diplomatica, Volumes 14-16 (in Italian). U. Manfredi Editori. 1891-01-01. p. XXXII. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2020-10-18.

[3] Vio, Michele Del (1706-01-01). Felicis, et fidelissimæ urbis Panormitanæ selecta aliquot ad civitatis decus, et commodum spectantia privilegia per instrumenta varia Siciliæ ... opera don Michaelis De Vio . (in Italian). in palatio senatorio per Dominicum Cortese. p. 314. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2020-10-18.

[4] Gregorio, Rosario (1833-01-01). Considerazioni sopra la storia di Sicilia dai tempi normanni sino al presenti, Volume 3 (in Italian). dalla Reale Stamperia. p. 303. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2020-10-18.

[5] Mongitore, Antonino; Mongitore, Francesco Serio e (1749-01-01). Parlamenti generali del regno di Sicilia dall' anno 1446 sino al 1748: con le memorie istoriche dell' antico, e moderno uso del parlamento appresso varie nazioni, ed in particolare della sua origine in Sicilia, e del modo di celebrarsi, Volume 1 (in Italian). Presso P. Bentivenga. p. 109. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2020-10-18.

[6] Gillespie, Alexander (2016). The Causes of War: Volume II: 1000 CE to 1400 CE. Vol. II. Hart Publishing. p. 115.

[7] Merlo, Grado Giovanni (1981). Tabacco, Giovanni (ed.). Basso Medioevo. Medioevo V-XV secolo (in Italian). Italy: Il Mulino. p. 535.

[anar-8] Allan W. Atlas (1985). Music at the Aragonese court of Naples. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. ISBN 0-521-24828-0.

[Compromise-9] Rzhevskaya, Valentina (31 March 2025). THE COMPROMISE OF CASPE: AN EPISODE FROM THE HISTORY OF PEACEFUL DISPUTE SETTLEMENT (PDF). European Political and Law Discourse. pp. 241–243. Page 241: On March 29 1412 the nine electors got down to their task in an Aragonese town of Caspe and on June 25 they declared the Castilian prince don Fernando elected. Fernando de Antequera was solemnly proclaimed King of Aragon three days later.

[jws-10] N. Zeldes (2003). The Former Jews of This Kingdom: Sicilian Converts After the Expulsion, 1492–1516. BRILL. pp. 5, 69, 296–97. ISBN 90-04-12898-0.

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