Khaleda Zia

Khaleda Zia
খালেদা জিয়া
Zia in 2010
9th Prime Minister of Bangladesh
In office
10 October 2001 – 29 October 2006
President
  • Shahabuddin Ahmed
  • Badruddoza Chowdhury
  • Iajuddin Ahmed
Preceded by
  • Latifur Rahman
  • as Chief Adviser
Succeeded by
  • Iajuddin Ahmed
  • as Chief Adviser
In office
20 March 1991 – 30 March 1996
President
  • Shahabuddin Ahmed
  • Abdur Rahman Biswas
Preceded byKazi Zafar Ahmed
Succeeded by
  • Muhammad Habibur Rahman
  • as Chief Adviser
3rd Chairperson of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party
Incumbent
Assumed office
10 May 1984
General Secretary
  • Mustafizur Rahman
  • KM Obaidur Rahman
  • Abdus Salam Talukder
  • Abdul Mannan Bhuiyan
  • Khandaker Delwar Hossain
  • Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir
Preceded byAbdus Sattar
4th Leader of the Opposition
In office
29 December 2008 – 9 January 2014
Prime MinisterSheikh Hasina
Preceded bySheikh Hasina
Succeeded byRowshan Ershad
In office
23 June 1996 – 15 July 2001
Prime MinisterSheikh Hasina
Preceded bySheikh Hasina
Succeeded bySheikh Hasina
2nd First Lady of Bangladesh
In role
21 April 1977 – 30 May 1981
PresidentZiaur Rahman
Preceded bySheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib
Succeeded byRowshan Ershad
7th Leader of the House
In office
10 October 2001 – 29 October 2006
Preceded bySheikh Hasina
Succeeded bySheikh Hasina
In office
20 March 1991 – 30 March 1996
Preceded byKazi Zafar Ahmed
Succeeded bySheikh Hasina
Member of Parliament
In office
29 December 2008 – 9 January 2014
Preceded bySayeed Iskander
Succeeded byShirin Akhter
ConstituencyFeni-1
In office
1 October 2001 – 29 October 2006
Preceded byZafar Imam
Succeeded byMuhammad Jamiruddin Sircar
ConstituencyBogra-6
In office
20 March 1991 – 15 July 2001
Preceded byZafar Imam
Succeeded bySayeed Iskander
ConstituencyFeni-1
Personal details
Born
Khaleda Khanam Putul[1][2]

(1945-08-15) 15 August 1945[note 1]
Jalpaiguri, Bengal Presidency, British India
Political partyBangladesh Nationalist Party (1979–present)
Other political
affiliations
  • Four Party Alliance (2001–2011)
  • 18 Party Alliance (2011–2022)
  • Jatiya Oikya Front (2018–2022)
Spouse
Ziaur Rahman
​
​
(m. 1960; died 1981)​
Children
  • Tarique
  • Arafat
RelativesSee Majumder–Zia family
AwardsFull list
Signature

Begum Khaleda Zia[a] (born 15 August 1945) is a Bangladeshi politician who served as the prime minister of Bangladesh from 1991 to 1996 and again from 2001 to 2006.[3] She was the first female prime minister of Bangladesh and the second female prime minister in the Muslim world after Benazir Bhutto. She is the widow of former president of Bangladesh and army commander, Ziaur Rahman. She has been the chairperson and leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) since 1984, which was founded by her husband, Zia, in 1978.[4]

Khaleda came to national attention as the First Lady of Bangladesh after her husband, Rahman, became the president in 1977. After Rahman's assassination in 1981, Khaleda joined politics and came to lead BNP. After a military coup in 1982, she helped lead the movement for democracy.[5] She became the prime minister of Bangladesh following the victory of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party in the 1991 Bangladeshi general election[6] and served as prime minister until 1996. Her party came to power again in 2001, and she served as prime minister until 2006. [7] Bangladesh was the most corrupt country in the world according to Corruption Perceptions Index during her tenure from (2001-2005).[8] [9]

Following the end of her government's term in 2006, the scheduled January 2007 elections were delayed due to political violence and instability, resulting in a bloodless military-backed takeover. The military-backed caretaker government charged Zia and her two sons with corruption.[10][11][12] In 2018, Zia was sentenced to a total of 17 years in prison for the Zia Orphanage Trust corruption case and the Zia Charitable Trust corruption case in 2018.[13][14][15][16]

Zia was transferred to a hospital for medical treatment in April 2019.[17] In March 2020, she was released on house arrest for six months on humanitarian grounds[18] and prohibited from any involvement in politics.[19] Subsequently, she was conditionally freed for medical treatment until 5 August 2024,[20] after a mass uprising by students resulted in the incumbent prime minister fleeing to India and the Bangladesh president issuing a release order.[21][22] On 27 November 2024, Zia was acquitted in the graft cases. She will contest the 2026 Bangladeshi general election.[23][24]

  1. ^ a b 'বেগম খালেদা জিয়া: হার লাইফ, হার স্টোরি'র মোড়ক উন্মোচন. banglanews24.com (in Bengali). 19 November 2018. Archived from the original on 11 August 2023.
  2. ^ a b Mahmood, Sumon (8 February 2018). এই প্রথম দণ্ড নিয়ে বন্দি খালেদা. bdnews24.com (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 11 August 2023.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference bpedia was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Crossette, Barbara (17 October 1993). "Conversations: Khaleda Zia; A Woman Leader for a Land That Defies Islamic Stereotypes". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 29 February 2024. Retrieved 5 October 2024.
  5. ^ Crossette, Barbara (9 December 1990). "Revolution Brings Bangladesh Hope". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 November 2018. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  6. ^ Crossette, Barbara (March 1991). "General's Widow Wins Bangladesh Vote". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 29 October 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
  7. ^ Anis Ahmed (3 September 2007). "Bangladesh ex-PM Khaleda Zia arrested on graft charge". Reuters. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  8. ^ bdnews24.com. "Bangladesh billed as most corrupt country for 5th time, 1st lead". Bangladesh billed as most corrupt country for 5th time, 1st lead. Retrieved 28 June 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ "Khaleda Zia, ex-Bangladesh PM and Sheikh Hasina rival, to be released from jail". Hindustan Times. 6 August 2024. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference jazeera was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference corruption was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference detained was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ "'No one should abuse state power in such manner'". Dhaka Tribune. 30 October 2018. Archived from the original on 2 December 2021.
  14. ^ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Bangladesh". U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 30 March 2021. Archived from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  15. ^ "Bangladesh: Guarantee Access to Health Care and Fair Trial Rights to Detained Former Prime Minister Begum Khaleda Zia". Amnesty International. 19 December 2019. Archived from the original on 2 December 2021.
  16. ^ "Three dozen cases Khaleda Zia faces". The Business Standard. 8 February 2020. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2024.
  17. ^ Cite error: The named reference bsmmu was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ "Khaleda Zia freed, gets back home". The Daily Star. 26 March 2020. Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  19. ^ "How Are Bangladesh's Political Parties Preparing for the Next General Elections?". The Wire. Archived from the original on 29 December 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2023. Since her release, Zia, now 76, has refrained from making any political moves. Any attempt to re-enter politics would mean a return to jail.
  20. ^ "Bangladesh frees Hasina rival Khaleda Zia from house arrest". Al Jazeera English. 6 August 2024. Archived from the original on 22 September 2024. Retrieved 17 November 2024.
  21. ^ "Bangladesh ex-Prime Minister Khaleda Zia freed after arch-rival toppled". The Hindu. 6 August 2024.
  22. ^ "Khaleda Zia released: Bangabhaban". The Daily Star. 6 August 2024. Archived from the original on 15 August 2024.
  23. ^ "Khaleda acquitted in Zia Charitable Trust graft case". The Daily Star. 27 November 2024.
  24. ^ বড়পুকুরিয়া মামলায় খালেদা জিয়াসহ তিনজন খালাস. Jugantor (in Bengali). 27 November 2024.


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