Hu Shih
Hu Shih | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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胡適 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hu in 1960 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese Ambassador to the United States | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 29 October 1938 – 1 September 1942 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Wang Zhengting | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Wei Tao-ming | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chancellor of Peking University | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 1946–1948 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| President of Academia Sinica | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 1957–1962 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Zhu Jiahua | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Wang Shijie | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Personal details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | 17 December 1891 Shanghai, Qing China | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | 24 February 1962 (aged 70) Taipei County, Taiwan, Republic of China | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Education |
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| Known for | Chinese liberalism and language reform | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 胡適 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 胡适 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Hu Shih[a] (Chinese: 胡適; 17 December 1891 – 24 February 1962) was a Chinese academic, writer, and politician. Hu contributed to Chinese liberalism and language reform, and was a leading advocate for the use of written vernacular Chinese.[3] He participated in the May Fourth Movement and China's New Culture Movement. He was a president of Peking University and Academia Sinica.[4][5][6][7]
Hu was the editor of the Free China Journal, which was shut down for criticizing Chiang Kai-shek. In 1919, he also criticized Li Dazhao. Hu advocated that the world adopt Western-style democracy. Moreover, Hu criticized Sun Yat-sen's claim that people are incapable of self-rule. Hu criticized the Nationalist government for betraying the ideal of Constitutionalism in The Outline of National Reconstruction.[8]
Hu wrote many essays questioning the political legitimacy of Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party. Specifically, Hu said that the autocratic dictatorship system of the CCP was "un-Chinese" and against history. In the 1950s, Mao and the Chinese Communist Party launched a campaign criticizing Hu Shih's thoughts.[9] After Mao's passing, Hu's reputation recovered. He is now known for his influential contributions to Chinese politics and academia.
- ^ Woodhead, H. G. W., ed. (1922). The China Year Book 1921-2. Tientsin. p. 905.
Hu Shih, (Hu Suh). (胡適)–Anhui. Born 17 December 1891. ...
- ^ The Youth Movement In China. 1927. p. xii.
I am also indebted to many friends in China, especially to Dr. Hu Suh of the National University of Peking ...
- ^ Ji'an, Bai (March 2006). "Hu Shi and Zhang Shizhao". Chinese Studies in History. 39 (3): 3–32. doi:10.2753/CSH0009-4633390301. ISSN 0009-4633. S2CID 159799416.
- ^ "Department of State bulletin". 10 June 1944. p. 537.
The representative of the National University of Peking is Dr. Chen-sheng Yang, who has been acting dean of the College of Arts and Literature in the absence of Dr. Hu Shih.
- ^ "Introduction". Archived from the original on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
The Hu Shih Memorial Hall located on the Nankang campus was the residence where Dr. Hu Shih (1891–1962) lived from 1958 to 1962, during his tenure as the president of Academia Sinica.
- ^ "The Bureau at the Fair". Abmac Bulletin. 2 (7): 4. August 1940.
Dr. Hu Shih, Chinese Ambassador to the United States, Mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia, ...
- ^ "Nomination Database – Literature". The Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
- ^ Chou 2012, p. 288.
- ^ Chou 2012, p. 202.
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