Herbert A. Simon

Herbert A. Simon
Herbert A. Simon
	Simon c. 1981
Born	Herbert Alexander Simon; June 15, 1916; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.
Died	February 9, 2001 (aged 84); Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Education	University of Chicago (BA, MA, PhD)
Known for	Bounded rationality; Satisficing; Information Processing Language; Logic Theorist; General Problem Solver
Spouse	Dorothea Isabel Pye (m. 1939)
Children	3
Awards	Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1967); APA Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions to Psychology (1969); Turing Award (1975); Nobel Prize in Economics (1978); National Medal of Science (1986); Harold Pender Award (1987); von Neumann Theory Prize (1988); APA Award for Lifetime Contributions to Psychology (1993); ACM Fellow (1994); IJCAI Award for Research Excellence (1995);
	Scientific career
Fields	Economics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Political science
Institutions	Carnegie Mellon University
Doctoral advisor	Henry Schultz
Other academic advisors	Rudolf Carnap; Nicholas Rashevsky; Harold Lasswell; Charles Merriam; John R. Commons
Doctoral students	Edward Feigenbaum; Richard E. Korf; John Muth; Allen Newell; William F. Pounds; Saras Sarasvathy; Oliver E. Williamson; Richard Waldinger;

Herbert Alexander Simon (June 15, 1916 – February 9, 2001) was an American scholar whose work influenced the fields of computer science, economics, and cognitive psychology. His primary research interest was decision-making within organizations and he is best known for the theories of "bounded rationality" and "satisficing".^[5]^[6] He received the Turing Award in 1975 and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1978.^[7]^[8] His research was noted for its interdisciplinary nature, spanning the fields of cognitive science, computer science, public administration, management, and political science.^[9] He was at Carnegie Mellon University for most of his career, from 1949 to 2001,^[10] where he helped found the Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science, one of the first such departments in the world.

Notably, Simon was among the pioneers of several modern-day scientific domains such as artificial intelligence, information processing, decision-making, problem-solving, organization theory, and complex systems. He was among the earliest to analyze the architecture of complexity and to propose a preferential attachment mechanism to explain power law distributions.^[11]^[12]

^ Herbert Simon, "Autobiography", in Nobel Lectures, Economics 1969–1980, Editor Assar Lindbeck, World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 1992.
^ Forest, Joelle, "John R. Commons and Herbert A. Simon on the Concept of Rationality", Journal of Economic Issues Vol. XXXV, 3 (2001), pp. 591–605
^ "Herbert Alexander Simon". AI Genealogy Project. Archived from the original on April 30, 2012. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
^ "Dorothea Simon Obituary – Pittsburgh, PA". Post-Gazette.com. Retrieved August 8, 2015.
^ "Guru: Herbert Simon". The Economist. March 20, 2009. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
^ Artinger, Florian M.; Gigerenzer, Gerd; Jacobs, Perke (2022). "Satisficing: Integrating Two Traditions". Journal of Economic Literature. 60 (2): 598–635. doi:10.1257/jel.20201396. hdl:21.11116/0000-0007-5C2A-4. ISSN 0022-0515. S2CID 249320959.
^ Heyck, Hunter. "Herbert A. Simon – A.M. Turing Award Laureate". amturing.acm.org.
^ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1978". NobelPrize.org.
^ Edward Feigenbaum (2001). "Herbert A. Simon, 1916-2001". Science. 291 (5511): 2107. doi:10.1126/science.1060171. S2CID 180480666. Studies and models of decision-making are the themes that unify most of Simon's contributions.
^ Simon, Herbert A. (1978). Assar Lindbeck (ed.). Nobel Lectures, Economics 1969–1980. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
^ Simon, H.A., 1955, Biometrika 42, 425.
^ B. Mandelbrot, "A Note on a Class of Skew Distribution Functions, Analysis and Critique of a Paper by H. Simon", Information and Control, 2 (1959), p. 90

[nobelAutoBiog-1] Herbert Simon, "Autobiography", in Nobel Lectures, Economics 1969–1980, Editor Assar Lindbeck, World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 1992.

[2] Forest, Joelle, "John R. Commons and Herbert A. Simon on the Concept of Rationality", Journal of Economic Issues Vol. XXXV, 3 (2001), pp. 591–605

[3] "Herbert Alexander Simon". AI Genealogy Project. Archived from the original on April 30, 2012. Retrieved March 15, 2012.

[DorotheaSObit-4] "Dorothea Simon Obituary – Pittsburgh, PA". Post-Gazette.com. Retrieved August 8, 2015.

[econ-5] "Guru: Herbert Simon". The Economist. March 20, 2009. Retrieved February 13, 2018.

[6] Artinger, Florian M.; Gigerenzer, Gerd; Jacobs, Perke (2022). "Satisficing: Integrating Two Traditions". Journal of Economic Literature. 60 (2): 598–635. doi:10.1257/jel.20201396. hdl:21.11116/0000-0007-5C2A-4. ISSN 0022-0515. S2CID 249320959.

[amturing-7] Heyck, Hunter. "Herbert A. Simon – A.M. Turing Award Laureate". amturing.acm.org.

[8] "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1978". NobelPrize.org.

[edward2001-9] Edward Feigenbaum (2001). "Herbert A. Simon, 1916-2001". Science. 291 (5511): 2107. doi:10.1126/science.1060171. S2CID 180480666. Studies and models of decision-making are the themes that unify most of Simon's contributions.

[10] Simon, Herbert A. (1978). Assar Lindbeck (ed.). Nobel Lectures, Economics 1969–1980. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Retrieved May 22, 2012.

[simon-11] Simon, H.A., 1955, Biometrika 42, 425.

[12] B. Mandelbrot, "A Note on a Class of Skew Distribution Functions, Analysis and Critique of a Paper by H. Simon", Information and Control, 2 (1959), p. 90

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