Echidna

Echidnas
Temporal range:
Short-beaked echidna
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Synapsida
Clade: Mammaliaformes
Class: Mammalia
Order: Monotremata
Superfamily: Ornithorhynchoidea
Family:
Gill, 1872
Type genus
Tachyglossus
Illiger, 1811
Species

Genus Tachyglossus
   T. aculeatus
Genus Zaglossus
   Z. attenboroughi
   Z. bruijnii
   Z. bartoni
Genus †Megalibgwilia
   †M. owenii
   †M. robusta
Genus †Murrayglossus
   †M. hacketti

Echidna range
  Western long-beaked echidna
  Eastern long-beaked echidna
  Sir David's long-beaked echidna

Echidnas (/ɪˈkɪdnəz/), sometimes known as spiny anteaters,[1] are quill-covered[2] monotremes (egg-laying mammals) belonging to the family Tachyglossidae /tækiˈɡlɒsɪd/, living in Australia and New Guinea. The four extant species of echidnas and the platypus are the only living mammals that lay eggs and the only surviving members of the order Monotremata.[3] The diet of some species consists of ants and termites, but they are not closely related to the American true anteaters or to hedgehogs. Their young are called puggles.

Echidnas evolved between 20 and 50 million years ago, descending from a platypus-like monotreme.[4] This ancestor was aquatic, but echidnas adapted to life on land,[4] where a single individual can move seven tons of soil each year, making them important for the environment.[5]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference pwstSBE was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ "Spines and Quills". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference nwf03 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Phillips was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Eldridge, David John (4 March 2021). "Dig this: a tiny echidna moves 8 trailer-loads of soil a year, helping tackle climate change". The Conversation.