Character encodings in HTML

HTML
HTML and variants
HTML elements and attributes
Editing
Character encodings and language
  • Character entity references (amed characters)
  • Unicode
  • Language code
Document and browser models
Client-side scripting and APIs
Graphics and Web3D technology
  • Web3D
    • WebGL
    • WebGPU
    • WebXR
  • W3C
    • Validator
  • WHATWG
  • Quirks mode
  • Web storage
  • Rendering engine
Comparisons
  • Document markup languages
  • Comparison of browser engines

While Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) has been in use since 1991, HTML 4.0 from December 1997 was the first standardized version where international characters were given reasonably complete treatment. When an HTML document includes special characters outside the range of seven-bit ASCII, two goals are worth considering: the information's integrity, and universal browser display.

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