Celtic cross

The Celtic cross is a form of ringed cross, a Christian cross featuring a nimbus or ring, that emerged in Ireland and Britain in the Early Middle Ages.[1][2][3] It became widespread through its use in the high crosses erected across the British Isles and parts of France, especially in regions evangelised by Irish missionaries, from the ninth through the 12th centuries.

A staple of Insular art, the Celtic cross is essentially a Latin cross with a nimbus surrounding the intersection of the arms and stem. Scholars have debated its exact origins, but it is related to earlier crosses featuring rings. The form gained new popularity during the Celtic Revival of the 19th century; the name "Celtic cross" is a convention dating from that time. The shape, usually decorated with interlace and other motifs from Insular art, became popular for funerary monuments and other uses, and has remained so, spreading well beyond Ireland.

  1. ^ Herren, Michael W.; Brown, Shirley Ann (2002). Christ in Celtic Christianity: Britain and Ireland from the Fifth to the Tenth Century. Boydell & Brewer. ISBN 978-1846150418. [1]
  2. ^ Werner, Martin (1990). "On the Origin of the Form of the Irish High Cross". Gesta. 29 (1): 98–111. doi:10.2307/767104. JSTOR 767104. [2]
  3. ^ "High Crosses". Heritage Ireland. Curated by Jenny Young, Donagh Mac Uidhir, Larry McDonagh, Adrian Kelly, Brian Crowley, Noreen Finnegan. [3]. Accessed 17 September 2025.
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