Tungsten carbide
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Tungsten carbide
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| Other names
Tungsten(IV) carbide
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.918 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 3178 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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SMILES
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| Properties | |
| WC | |
| Molar mass | 195.85 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Grey-black lustrous solid |
| Density | 15.6 g/cm3[1] |
| Melting point | 2,785–2,830 °C (5,045–5,126 °F; 3,058–3,103 K)[3][2] |
| Boiling point | 6,000 °C (10,830 °F; 6,270 K) at 760 mmHg[2] |
| Insoluble | |
| Solubility | Soluble in HNO 3, HF[3] |
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
|
1·10−5 cm3/mol[3] |
| Thermal conductivity | 110 W/(m·K)[4] |
| Structure | |
| Hexagonal, hP2[5] | |
| P6m2, No. 187[5] | |
| 6m2[5] | |
Lattice constant
|
a = 2.906 Å, c = 2.837 Å[5] α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 120°
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Molecular shape
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Trigonal prismatic (center at C)[6] |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C)
|
39.8 J/(mol·K)[4] |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
32.1 J/(mol·K) |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Other cations
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
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Tungsten carbide (chemical formula: WC) is a carbide containing equal parts of tungsten and carbon atoms. In its most basic form, tungsten carbide is a fine gray powder, but it can be pressed and formed into shapes through sintering[7] for use in industrial machinery, engineering facilities,[8] molding blocks,[9] cutting tools, chisels, abrasives, armor-piercing bullets and jewelry.
Tungsten carbide is approximately three times as stiff as steel, with a Young's modulus of approximately 530–700 GPa,[4][10][11][12] and is twice as dense as steel. It is comparable with corundum (α-Al2O3) in hardness, approaching that of a diamond,[7] and can be polished and finished only with abrasives of superior hardness such as cubic boron nitride and diamond. Tungsten carbide tools can be operated at cutting speeds much higher than high-speed steel (a special steel blend for cutting tools).[7]
Tungsten carbide powder was first synthesized by H. Moissan in 1893, and the industrial production of the cemented form started 20 to 25 years later (between 1913 and 1918).[10]
- ^ "Tungsten carbide". GESTIS Substance Database. Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung. Archived from the original on 19 August 2023. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
shthccwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 4.96. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
- ^ a b c Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
- ^ a b c d Kurlov & Gusev (2013), p. 22.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Wellswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c "Tungsten carbide". Encyclopedia Britannica (online ed.). 3 June 2024. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
- ^ "Our Products". www.wolframcarbide.com/.
- ^ "High quality tungsten carbide sheets for stamping mold grade K05/YG6". www.wolframcarbide.com/.
- ^ a b Kurlov & Gusev (2013), p. 3.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Groover2010was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Cardarelli2008was invoked but never defined (see the help page).