New Hollywood

The New Hollywood, Hollywood Renaissance, or American New Wave, was a movement in American film history from the 1960s to the 1980s, when a new generation of filmmakers came to prominence.^[6] They influenced the types of film produced, their production and marketing, and the way major studios approached filmmaking.^[7] In New Hollywood films, the film director, rather than the studio, took on a key authorial role.^[8]

The definition of "New Hollywood" varies, depending on the author, with some defining it as a movement and others as a period. The span of the period is also a subject of debate, as well as its integrity, as some authors, such as Thomas Schatz, argue that the New Hollywood consists of several different movements. The films made in this movement are stylistically characterized in that their narrative often deviated from classical norms. After the demise of the studio system and the rise of television, the commercial success of films was diminished.^[8]

Successful films of the early New Hollywood era include Bonnie and Clyde,^[9] The Graduate,^[10][11] Rosemary's Baby, Night of the Living Dead, The Wild Bunch, and Easy Rider,^[9] while films whose box office failure marked the end of the era include New York, New York, Sorcerer, Heaven's Gate, They All Laughed, and One from the Heart.^[12][13][14]