Aluminium hydroxide

Aluminium hydroxide
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Aluminium hydroxide
	Systematic IUPAC name Trihydroxidoaluminium
	Other names Aluminic acid; Aluminic hydroxide; Alumanetriol; Aluminium(III) hydroxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminium trihydroxide; Hydrated alumina; Orthoaluminic acid;
Identifiers
CAS Number	21645-51-2 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:33130 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200706 ;
ChemSpider	8351587 ;
DrugBank	DB06723;
ECHA InfoCard	100.040.433
KEGG	D02416;
PubChem CID	10176082;
RTECS number	BD0940000;
UNII	5QB0T2IUN0 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2036405 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Al.3H2O/h;31H2/q+3;;;/p-3 Key: WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K; A02AB02 (WHO) (algeldrate) ; InChI=1/Al.3H2O/h;31H2/q+3;;;/p-3 Key: WNROFYMDJYEPJX-DFZHHIFOAJ;
	SMILES [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3];
Properties
Chemical formula	Al(OH)3
Molar mass	78.003 g·mol−1
Appearance	White amorphous powder
Density	2.42 g/cm3, solid
Melting point	300 °C (572 °F; 573 K)
Solubility in water	0.0001 g/(100 mL)
Solubility product (Ksp)	3×10−34
Solubility	soluble in acids and alkalis
Acidity (pKa)	>7
Isoelectric point	7.7
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−1277 kJ·mol−1
Pharmacology
ATC code	A02AB01 (WHO)
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms	no GHS pictograms
Hazard statements	no hazard statements
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P271, P280, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	>5000 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Other anions	None
Related compounds	Boric acid; Gallium(III) hydroxide; Indium(III) hydroxide; Thallium(III) hydroxide; Scandium(III) hydroxide; Sodium oxide; Aluminium oxide hydroxide;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)₃, is found as the mineral gibbsite (also known as hydrargillite) and its three much rarer polymorphs: bayerite, doyleite, and nordstrandite. Aluminium hydroxide is amphoteric, i.e., it has both basic and acidic properties. Closely related are aluminium oxide hydroxide, AlO(OH), and aluminium oxide or alumina (Al₂O₃), the latter of which is also amphoteric. These compounds together are the major components of the aluminium ore bauxite. Aluminium hydroxide also forms a gelatinous precipitate in water.

^ For solubility product: "Solubility product constants". Archived from the original on 15 June 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
^ For isoelectric point: Gayer, K. H.; Thompson, L. C.; Zajicek, O. T. (September 1958). "The solubility of aluminum hydroxide in acidic and basic media at 25 ?c". Canadian Journal of Chemistry. 36 (9): 1268–1271. Bibcode:1958CaJCh..36.1268G. doi:10.1139/v58-184. ISSN 0008-4042.
^ Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles (6th ed.). Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
^ Black, Ronald A.; Hill, D. Ashley (15 June 2003). "Over-the-Counter Medications in Pregnancy". American Family Physician. 67 (12): 2517–2524. ISSN 0002-838X. PMID 12825840. Retrieved 1 July 2017.

[1] For solubility product: "Solubility product constants". Archived from the original on 15 June 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2012.

[2] For isoelectric point: Gayer, K. H.; Thompson, L. C.; Zajicek, O. T. (September 1958). "The solubility of aluminum hydroxide in acidic and basic media at 25 ?c". Canadian Journal of Chemistry. 36 (9): 1268–1271. Bibcode:1958CaJCh..36.1268G. doi:10.1139/v58-184. ISSN 0008-4042.

[3] Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles (6th ed.). Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.

[4] Black, Ronald A.; Hill, D. Ashley (15 June 2003). "Over-the-Counter Medications in Pregnancy". American Family Physician. 67 (12): 2517–2524. ISSN 0002-838X. PMID 12825840. Retrieved 1 July 2017.

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