al-Ma'mun

Names
	Abū al-ʿAbbās Abd Allāh al-Maʾmūn ibn Hārūn

al-Ma'mun
المأمون
al-Ma'mun; المأمون
Caliph; Commander of the Faithful;
	Gold dinar of al-Ma'mun, minted in Egypt in 830/1
7th Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate
Reign	27 September 813 – 9 August 833
Predecessor	al-Amin
Successor	al-Mu'tasim
Born	14 September 786; Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate
Died	9 August 833 (aged 46); Tarsus, Abbasid Caliphate
Burial	Grand Mosque of Tarsus
Consorts	List Umm Isa bint Musa al-Hadi; Buran bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl; Sundus; Arib; Bi'dah; Mu'nisah; Tatrif; Badhal; Nu'n; Nasim; ;
Issue	Muhammad; Ubaid Allah; al-Abbas; Harun; Ahmad; Isa; Isma'il; Musa; Umm al-Fadl; Umm Habib; Khadija;
Names
Names
	Abū al-ʿAbbās Abd Allāh al-Maʾmūn ibn Hārūn
Dynasty	Abbasid
Father	Harun al-Rashid
Mother	Umm Abdallah Marajil
Religion	Mu'tazili Islam

Abū al-ʿAbbās Abd Allāh ibn Hārūn al-Maʾmūn (Arabic: أبو العباس عبد الله بن هارون الرشيد, romanized: Abū al-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh ibn Hārūn ar-Rashīd; 14 September 786 – 9 August 833), better known by his regnal name al-Ma'mun (Arabic: المأمون, lit. 'the Reliable'), was the seventh Abbasid caliph, who reigned from 813 until his death in 833. His leadership was marked by the power and prosperity of the Abbasid Caliphate, al-Ma'mun promoted the Graeco-Arabic translation movement, the flowering of learning and the sciences in Baghdad, and the publishing of al-Khwarizmi's book now known as "Algebra", making him one of the most important caliphs in the Islamic Golden Age. He is also known as a proponent of the rational Islamic theology of Mu'tazilism.^[1]^[2]

Al-Ma'mun succeeded his half-brother al-Amin after a civil war, much of his reign was spent on peace campaigns. His strong support for Mu'tazilism led him to imprison a Sunni Imam, Ahmad ibn Hanbal in an event that became known as mihna. Al-Ma'mun's foreign policy was due to his decision to continue war and diplomatic relations with the Byzantine Empire, the tension between conflict or diplomacy varying during his military campaigns.^[3]^[4]

^ al-Ṭabarī, Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr (1 January 1987). The History of al-Ṭabarī Vol. 32: The Reunification of the ʿAbbāsid Caliphate: The Caliphate of al-Maʾmūn A.D. 813-833/A.H. 198-218. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-88706-058-8.
^ Cooperson, Michael (5 September 2005). Al-Ma'mun. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-85168-386-4.
^ Nawas, John Abdallah (2015). Al-Maʼmūn, the Inquisition, and the Quest for Caliphal Authority. Lockwood Press. ISBN 978-1-937040-55-0.
^ Kaegi, Walter E. (2019), Shepard, Jonathan (ed.), "Confronting Islam: Emperors Versus Caliphs (641–c.850)", The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500–1492, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 365–394, ISBN 978-1-107-68587-1, retrieved 10 April 2025

[1] -Ṭabarī, Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr (1 January 1987). The History of al-Ṭabarī Vol. 32: The Reunification of the ʿAbbāsid Caliphate: The Caliphate of al-Maʾmūn A.D. 813-833/A.H. 198-218. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-88706-058-8.

[2] Cooperson, Michael (5 September 2005). Al-Ma'mun. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-85168-386-4.

[3] Nawas, John Abdallah (2015). Al-Maʼmūn, the Inquisition, and the Quest for Caliphal Authority. Lockwood Press. ISBN 978-1-937040-55-0.

[4] Kaegi, Walter E. (2019), Shepard, Jonathan (ed.), "Confronting Islam: Emperors Versus Caliphs (641–c.850)", The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500–1492, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 365–394, ISBN 978-1-107-68587-1, retrieved 10 April 2025

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]