İzmir
İzmir | |
|---|---|
City and metropolitan municipality | |
Skyline of Bayraklı and Port of İzmir to the right İzmir Clock Tower Asansör Gündoğdu Square Konak Pier Kültürpark Alsancak quarter in the Konak district | |
|
Logo of Izmir Metropolitan Municipality | |
| Nickname(s): Pearl of the Aegean (Turkish: Ege'nin İncisi) | |
İzmir Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 38°25′N 27°08′E / 38.42°N 27.14°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Region | Aegean |
| Province | İzmir |
| Earliest known settlement | c. 6500 BC (Yeşilova Mound in Bornova district) |
| Founded | c. 11th century BC (as ancient Smyrna) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor-council government |
| • Mayor | Cemil Tugay (CHP) |
| • Municipal Council | 184 members |
| Area | |
| • Urban | 919 km2 (355 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,259 km2 (872 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 2 m (7 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Urban | 2,938,292 |
| • Urban density | 4,761/km2 (12,330/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 4,493,242 |
| Demonym(s) | English: Izmirian Turkish: İzmirli |
| GDP | |
| • City | ₺ 1,614 trillion US$ 86 billion (2023) |
| • Per capita | ₺ 361,046 US$ 15,369 (2023) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 35xxx |
| Area code | (+90) 232 |
| Licence plate | 35 |
| Website | www.izmir.bel.tr www.izmir.gov.tr |
İzmir[a] is the third most populous city in Turkey, after Istanbul and Ankara. It is on the Aegean coast of Anatolia, and is the capital of İzmir Province. In 2024, the city of İzmir had a population of 2,938,292 (in eleven urban districts), while İzmir Province had a total population of 4,493,242.[1][2] Its built-up (or metro) area was home to 3,264,154 inhabitants. It extends along the outlying waters of the Gulf of İzmir and inland to the north across the Gediz River Delta; to the east along an alluvial plain created by several small streams; and to slightly more rugged terrain in the south.[5] İzmir's climate is Mediterranean.
İzmir has more than 3,000 years of recorded urban history, and up to 8,500 years of history as a human settlement since the Neolithic period.[6] In classical antiquity, the city was known as Smyrna – a name which remained in use in English and various other languages until around 1930, when government efforts led the original Greek name to be gradually phased out internationally in favor of its Turkish counterpart İzmir.[7]
Lying on an advantageous location at the head of a gulf running down in a deep indentation, midway along the western Anatolian coast, İzmir has been one of the principal mercantile cities of the Mediterranean Sea for much of its history. Until the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, İzmir had a very large Greek population. Present-day İzmir is an important port, and is home to multiple universities.[8] It hosts the annual İzmir International Fair.[8]
- ^ a b "Population of Province/District Centers, Towns/Villages by Provinces and Districts and Annual Growth Rate Of Population". Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
- ^ a b "İstatistiklerle İzmir". T.C. İzmir Valiliği. Archived from the original on 20 August 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
- ^ "Population of Province / District Centers and Towns / Villages by Province and Sex, Population Density by Province". Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
- ^ "Statistics by Theme > National Accounts > Regional Accounts". www.turkstat.gov.tr. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
- ^ "İzmir | Turkey". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
- ^ Ekdal, Elçin; Ege, Arzu; Karali, Turgay; Derin, Zafer (2012). "Luminescence dating studies of Yeşilova Hoyuk". Geochronometria. 39 (4): 268–275. Bibcode:2012Gchrm..39..268E. doi:10.2478/s13386-012-0013-5.
- ^ Romein, Jan (translated by R. T. Clark). The Asian Century: A History of Modern Nationalism in Asia (De eeuw van Azie). University of California Press, 1962. p. 170. "In 1930 geographical names were 'turkicized'. [...] Smyrna, Ismir [sic],[...]"
- ^ a b Heper, Öztürk-Tunçel & Criss 2018, pp. 272–273
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